Intra-family food insecurity and profile of food consumption

OBJECTIVE: Describe and evaluate daily food consumption among families experiencing food insecurity. METHODS: A population survey was conducted in Campinas, São Paulo, in 2003, with 456 families. One qualified member of each family was interviewed about their daily intake of 14 food groups. For the food insecurity classification, a scale divided into three categories was used: 1) Food security; 2) Mild food insecurity; 3) Moderate or Severe food insecurity. RESULTS: Significant differences were found among the categories of food insecurity with respect to food consumption. The proportion of respondents from families experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity or mild food insecurity that did not consume dairy products, fruits, vegetables, meats, on a daily basis is significantly higher than respondents from families who are food-secure (p<0.001). Among food-secure families, 73.7% consumed at least one fruit per day and 62.1% consumed dairy products every day. These percentages were 11.4% and 5.5%, respectively, in families with moderate or severe food insecurity. The majority of these families consumed only grains, oil, sugar, and dried beans on a daily basis, and they spend roughly 68% of their monthly income on food. There are significant differences in the frequency of the main daily meals among the food security categories, which is always less frequent among families with moderate or severe food insecurity. CONCLUSION: Families experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity have a boring diet, composed basically of energetic foods. Even among food secure families, adequate diet quality was not always present. These results show that it is necessary to strengthen nutrition education efforts in public policies that aim to improve food security and promote healthy diets.OBJETIVO: Descrever e avaliar o perfil de consumo diário de alimentos entre famílias em situação de insegurança alimentar. MÉTODOS: Inquérito populacional realizado em Campinas (SP), em 2003, com 456 famílias. Realizou-se levantamento do consumo diário de 14 grupos de alimentos, mediante informação de membro qualificado da família. Para categorização da insegurança alimentar utilizou-se uma escala dividida em 3 categorias: 1) Segurança alimentar; 2) Insegurança alimentar leve; 3) Insegurança alimentar moderada ou grave. RESULTADOS: Foram detectadas diferenças significativas entre categorias de segurança alimentar e consumo alimentar. A proporção de famílias em situação de insegurança, cujo informante não consome diariamente leite e derivados, frutas, verduras/legumes, e carnes é significantemente maior do que aquelas em situação de segurança alimentar (p