A Study on the Employment Promotion Policy of the youth in Taiwan

在經濟全球化的發展下，勞動市場與就業結構也隨著改變，全球青年皆受到失業問題的衝擊，尤其是青年的失業率高於成年失業率。根據國際勞工組織ILO在「2015年全球就業與社會趨勢」報告中強調，2014年的全球青年失業率高達13%，有多達7,400萬名的青年處於失業困境中。而全球青年失業率是全球整體失業率的近3倍。突顯出青年高度失業的現象已成為各國必須積極面對的議題。 本研究係進行「青年就業讚計畫」之執行成效評估，藉由相關文獻回顧各國曾經施行的方案制度及我國近年相關的就業促進政策的制度，以作為分析「青年就業讚計畫」的基礎工作。透過半結構式的深度訪談青年、辦訓單位及公立就業中心就業服務員三方探討該計畫是否對青年之就業有所助益，並據以提出調整、改善後續工作之規劃與執行建議，以作為未來政策或制度設計修正之依據，期望能有效解決青年的高失業問題。 經過深度訪談，本研究發現如下: 一、青年就業讚計畫有助青年提升就業力，但缺乏後續協助就業配套措施 二、受訓青年訓後就業與參訓職類有相當程度關聯性 三、未建立就業追蹤平台，無法追踨訓後就業關聯性 四、課程審核流程時間過長，影響招生進度 五、參加訓練計畫需事先繳費，對經濟弱勢青年經濟負擔大 六、同質性計畫多, 造成資源重疊 本研究經訪談結果建議如下： 一、加強培訓公立就業服務中心人員職涯諮商、導引角色 二、課予辦訓單位就業媒合責任，提升青年就業率 三、青年調整就業心態，鼓勵及早規劃職涯，建立正確職業觀念 四、建置「訓後青年追蹤資料庫」，追蹤就業歷程 五、建立課程審核進度查詢機制，簡化行政流程 六、研擬課程分期付款機制，另設排富條款The phenomenon of economic globalization has affected labour market and employment structure, also impact on the unemployment rate around the world. In particular, Youth unemployment is higher than adult unemployment. According to the ILO “World Employment and Social Outlook: Trends 2015“report, it find that over 13% youth unemployed rate in 2014 around the world, and almost 74 million young people were looking for work in 2014. The youth unemployment rate is practically three times higher than the worldwide unemployment rate. Consequently, the high rising youth unemployment is a conspicuous problem that every countries around the world have to facing. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the“Youth’s Employment Ultimate Plan”by literature review of Taiwan’s and other countries’employment promoting policies, in addition, to explore whether the plan is helpful for youth employment by semi-structured in-depth interview with youth people, the staff of training resource center and employment service center, afterwards, give information on the plan, thus a reference can be provided for the suggestion of the policy modify in the future. After in-depth interviews, this study found the following: 1.The“Youth’s Employment Ultimate Plan” help to raise employment rate but it’s short of provide after assistance and complementary measures. 2.The youth people after vocational training employed have a significant degree and correlation to the trained categories. 3.Lack of establishing employed tracking platform, thus can not track the correlation to the trained categories. 4.The time of approving course is too long to affect recruiting. 5.Joining the“Youth’s Employment Ultimate Plan”requires payment in advance, economically disadvantaged youth people can’t afford. 6.Many homogeneity plans result in resources overlapping. After in-depth interviews, this study suggested: 1.To enhance the employment service center staffs’consulting and introducing abilities. 2.To assign the response for employment matching services. 3.To encourage youth to adjust the attitude, to plan career earlier, and to establish correct views about career. 4.To establish the”database of trained youth people” to track the employed history. 5.To establish the inquiry system of the approving course progress rate, and to simplify process. 6.To develop a course installment system, and to set clause of wealth restrictions