Ketoprofen application in control of acuteinflammatory response and metabolic stress incows after calving

Tokom perioda rane laktacije brojni unutrašnji i spoljašnji faktori vrše uticaj na produktivnost i zdravlje mlečnih krava. Najznačajniji unutrašnji faktori na početku laktacije su zapaljenski procesi i metabolički stres. S obzirom da su metaboličke i imunološke promene najčešći okidač za nastanak bolesti, neophodno je bilo ispitati da li postoji mogućnost regulisanja ovih promena pomoću nesterodinih antiinflamatornih lekova. Cilj ove doktorske disertacije je bio da se ispita uticaj parenteralne primene ketoprofena na metabolički status, inflamatorne promene, odnos između metaboličkih i inflamatornih promena kod krava posle teljenja, kao i na proizvodnju mleka kod krava u ranoj laktaciji. Za ogled je odabrano 30 krava. Oglednoj grupi od 15 krava je i.m. aplikovan ketoprofen u terapijskoj dozi (3mg/kg telesne mase) tokom tri uzastopna dana nakon teljenja. Kontrolna grupa od 15 krava je predstavljala negativnu kontrolu. Uzorci krvi za analizu su uzimani iz repne vene (vena coccygea) na dan teljenja, u prvoj i drugoj nedelji posle teljenja. Procena inflamacije je vršena na osnovu određivanja koncentracije proteina akutne faze (haptoglobina i fibrinogena) i proinflamatonih citokina (interleukina-1α, faktora nekroze tumora-alfa i interferona gama), dok je procenametaboličkog statusa vršena na osnovu određivanja vrednosti metaboličkih parametarau svim uzorcima krvnog seruma i u svim nedeljama ogleda. Ketoprofen primenjivan parenteralno kod krava posle teljenja je ublažio metabolički stres, uticao na smanjenje inflamatornih procesa i na smanjnje međusobne povezanosti i uticaja između metaboličkih i inflamatornih promena kod krava posle teljenja u poređenju sa netretiranim kravama, a imao je i pozitivan uticaj na proizvodnju mleka u ranoj laktaciji.During the period of early lactation numerous internal and external factors influence the health and productivity of dairy cows. The most important internal factors at the beginning of lactation are inflammatory processes and metabolic stress. Since the metabolic and immunologic changes are the most common trigger for the disease, it was necessary to examine whether there is a possibility of regulating these changes by using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of this doctoral thesis was to investigate the effect of parenteral administration of ketoprofen in the metabolic status, inflammatory changes, the relationship between metabolic and inflammatory changes in cows after calving and milk production in cows in early lactation. This study included 30 cows. Experimental group of 15 cows is treated i.m. ketoprofen administered in a therapeutic dose (3 mg / kg body weight) for three consecutive days after calving. A control group of 15 cows accounted for a negative control. Blood samples for analysis were taken from the tail vein (vena coccygea) on the day of calving, in the first and second week after calving. Evaluation of inflammation was based on the determination of the concentration of acute phase proteins (haptoglobin and fibrinogen) and proinflamatonih cytokines (interleukin-1α,tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferongamma),and the evaluation of the metabolic status performed on the basis of determining the value of metabolic parameters in a blood sample serum and in all the weeks of the experiment. Ketoprofen administered parenterally in cows after calving eased metabolic stress, had impact on reducing inflammatory processes and the decrease of interconnection and influence between metabolic and inflammatory changes in cows after calving compared with untreated cows, and had a positive impact on milk production in the early lactation.