Policy Analysis of the Self-Built Warship:1978-2015

「天下雖安，忘戰必危」，基於國防科技發展攸關一國武力消長，且一旦武器外購管道受阻，國家安全及命脈均將受到威脅。面對國際情勢的複雜變化、中國大陸軍力的擴張、南海及東海領土領海主權爭議、美國「再平衡」的戰略作為、非傳統安全問題，造成亞太地區的安全困境及軍備競賽，嚴重影響整體區域安全，欲確保臺海和平及區域穩定，我們絕不能寄望他人的善意，唯有積極強化國防自主，方能有效維護國家安全。有鑑於自主國防理念，我國推行「國艦國造」政策，期以扶植國內造船產業發展，並帶動國家整體經濟發展，然「國艦國造」並非一蹴可及，需要長期努力及結合造船團隊才能逐步達成，本文即以決策理論為基礎，以「決策者」、「利益團體」及「官僚體系」等三種決策模型，分析國艦國造政策主要窒礙問題為，缺乏重工業基礎，造艦關鍵總成能量不足、政府未整合相關產業推展窒礙，適時修訂相關法令、造艦與修艦概念未整合，全壽期委外造艦模式難以推展等。並續以精進造船廠策略聯盟等六項建言修訂「國艦國造」整體政策，並期許國防部及民間造船產業鏈上的每一分子，均應以國家整體利益為重，以「國防定要自主的決心」共同完成「國艦國造」的光榮使命。Facing a changing international environment with traditional and non-traditional issues, such as military expansion of People’s Republic of China, territorial disputes in South and East China Sea, the U.S. “rebalancing”, etc., it is important to keep the national defense independent and accordingly maintain cross-strait peace and regional stability in East Asia. Therefore, Taiwan has promoted the “self-built warship” policy as a long-term goal in order to foster local shipbuilding industry, to encourage economic growth, and most important of all, to realize the ultimate goal which is self-defense. This thesis is trying to analyze the current problem of “self-built warship” under the decision-making framework by using the decision-maker model, the interest groups model, and the bureaucratic organizations model. Through these three models, I conclude that several obstacles hindering the policy promotion: lack of foundation of heavy industries, lack of key technology for shipbuilding, lack of capacities to integrating related industries, lack of proper law-making, lack of consistent capacities of constructing and repairing, and difficulties in outsourcing with total life cycle of warship. Finally, the author provides six policy recommendations improving the “warship self-built” policy which is expected to be fulfilled for the self-defense, a long term military defense policy in Republic of China on Taiwan