A Study of Financial Reporting and Tax Adjustments in Inflationary Economies

會計作為企業的語言，必須忠實表達企業在期間內的經營成果、財務狀況與現金流量，而物價波動可能導致的資訊扭曲，對外會計報表的允當性面臨挑戰，對內可能導致錯誤的決策，最終將侵害股東的權益，嚴重影響企業的發展與存續。 通貨膨脹會侵蝕以本國貨幣表示的金額、納稅義務的價值及衡量稅基的影響，若沒有經過適當的調整可能會破壞整體稅務體系，不是導致虛盈實稅的現象就是為納稅義務人提供無止盡的避稅管道，嚴重影響國家財政。 近期，美國、歐洲及日本等世界經濟強權為了扭轉國內經濟頹勢，採取貨幣寬鬆政策以期增加民間消費，而高度仰賴國際貿易的台灣，也可能受到貨幣寬鬆政策的影響。本研究蒐集國內外文獻，探討通貨膨脹對財、稅的影響，主張國內應重視通貨膨脹會計的建置及課稅所得的調整。Accounting information must reveal companies’ result of operation, financial conditions and cash flow. Price fluctuations, however, could distort the information, challenging the faithfulness of financial statements and leading to improper decisions. Eventually, it will erode stockholders’ right and impair the development of enterprises. Inflation could erode the amounts expressed in national currency, the value of tax obligations and the measurement of tax bases. Without proper adjustment of inflation, it may destroy the tax system, such as providing countless measures for tax avoidance which result in significant impact on national finance. Recently, economic superpower, like the U.S, the EU or Japan adopt monetary quantitative easing policy to stimulate private consumption in order to reverse the depression of the domestic economy. Taiwan, an international-trade-oriented country may be involved in the spillover effects. In this study, we collect literatures and study the impact of inflation on both financial reporting and tax. Our conclusion is that we should pay more attention to construct inflation accounting and the adjustment system on taxable income