Factors Affecting Academic Achievement of Students in Senior High School

本研究採用「台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫」（TEPS）調查結果，對台灣地區高中職學生個人特徵、家庭背景以及學生生活進行次級資料分析，探討各種因素與學業表現之關聯性。 本研究選取資料庫中之9,750樣本數，以資料庫綜合分析能力測驗成績作為應變數，選取性別及手足數目等12個自變數，以Logit Model為實證模型分析，再以Ordered Probit Model進行實證結果穩健性檢驗（Robustness Check），發現兩者結果呈現一致性，本研究發現： 一、男性成績較女性成績為佳，曾經或現在就讀資優班者成績較為優異。 二、家庭手足數目對學生學業成績表現有負向影響，雙親教育程度、家庭收入愈高及家庭文化資本愈豐富對子女學業表現有正向顯著影響；家庭親子關係、父母閱讀頻率對於子女學業表現則無顯著影響。 三、補習、參加社團活動以及校隊培訓對學業成績有正向影響；打工及結交行為偏差朋友則對學業成績有負向影響。 本研究提出教育政策方向建議如下： 一、建議文創產業主管機關以差別取價之價格誘因方式提高親子參與藝文活動之意願，並持續鼓勵文創產業提供學校學生及家長參與藝文展演活動機會。 二、教育主管機關應持續執行對（中）低收入戶子女學雜費補助之政策，並建立對高中職學校社團活動之管理制度，另應加強學生品性教育管理。This study analyzes the association between personal characteristics, family background, the life of students and academic achievement of students in senior high school. The data have adapted Taiwan Education Panel Survey (TEPS). The research has used 9,750 samples in the database. The dependent variable is the test scores of students while the independent variables are gender, the number of sibling, etc. This study has used Logit Model for empirical analysis and Ordered Probit Model for robustness check of the results. The research findings indicate that both models have similar conclusions, which are shown as follows. Firstly, the academic achievement of males is better than that of females. Moreover, students who are in the gifted and talented class have a better performance than those who are not in. Secondly, the number of sibling has a negative effect on academic achievement; whereas the education background of the parents, income and cultural capital of the family are as the opposite. The frequency of reading and the relationship between parents and children have no significant influence on academic achievement. Thirdly, the student who goes to cram school or participates in extracurricular activities has a positive influence on his/her academic achievement. However, the student with the part-time job or bad-behavior friends has a negative influence on his/her academic achievement. Therefore, the authorities should encourage parents and their children to participate in cultural activities through offering economic incentives and the tuition subsidies for low-income households continuously