A study on national security and abuse of dominant market position from mergers and acquisitions by foreign investors--focus on the antimonopoly law of the People's Republic of China

中國自2001年加入WTO並開放境內市場後，外資便開始以併購方式迅速進入中國市場，造成中國諸多產業遭外資壟斷，使中國於2007年8月30日迫切通過前後立法超過二十年的《反壟斷法》，並於2008年8月1日開始實施以規範外資併購行為。中國《反壟斷法》係管理市場秩序的主要法律亦被稱作「經濟憲法」，惟相較於世界先進國家已有悠久歷史，相關法規範已發展成熟，檢視該法的規範與實際操作上卻仍可發現諸多問題。 本文擬從外國競爭經濟法理論出發，剖析中國《反壟斷法》的立法基礎，並先探究該法之立法過程、規範範圍、執法機構分散與行政壟斷問題，再申論外資併購中國境內企業涉及反壟斷申報審查制度，最後進入本文核心議題即國家安全與濫用市場支配地位，輔以詳細數據與實際案例探討，翼望得以作為外資併購中國企業之參考依據。Since 2001 China has became one of the members of WTO, foreign investors used mergers and acquisitions as business strategy to dominate position in some specific markets in China, which caused China government adopted the first “Antimonopoly Law” on August 30, 2007 and it went into effect on August 1, 2008. China’s antimonopoly law also called“Economic Constitution”aims to establish the new economic order; however, compared with the western developed countries which has developed a great legal system, its substance has aroused suspicion and criticism. This paper seeks to provide an assessment for China’s “Antimonopoly Law” from the analysis of the soul of antitrust theory to discuss the structure of China’s “Antimonopoly Law” including the drafting stage, application of the law, lack of substantive enforcement authority and the issue of administrative monopoly. Then, this paper aims to solve the problem of the provisions of thresholds for concentration of foreign investors. After the basic discussion the issue above, this paper tries to discuss the core issue –national security and abuses of dominant market position—by providing statistics and analyzing real cases to draft conclusion for the foreign investors to follow when seeking to undertake mergers and acquisitions in China