Research on the Influence of Distributed Leadership on Teachers’ Empowerment in Elementary Schools

本研究旨在探討國民小學分布式領導對教師賦權增能之影響。本研究採用問卷調查法，抽取桃園縣內56所公立國民小學、656位正式教師為研究調查對象，有效問卷465份。問卷回收後以描述性統計分析、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、逐步多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。本研究之主要研究發現歸納如下： 一、國民小學教師知覺分布式領導情況屬「中高程度」，以「分享責任」感受程度最高、「領導實踐」感受程度最低。 二、國民小學教師知覺教師賦權增能情況屬「中高程度」，以「自主性」感受程度最高、「參與決策」感受程度最低。 三、國民小學不同性別、年齡、任教年資、教育程度、現任職務及學校規模的教師所知覺的分布式領導有顯著差異，以男性、41-50歲、任教年資11-15年以上、研究所以上畢業、兼任行政職務、學校規模12班以下之教師感受程度較高。 四、國民小學不同性別、年齡、任教年資、教育程度及現任職務的教師所知覺的教師賦權增能有顯著差異，以男性、41-50歲、任教年資11-15年以上、研究所以上畢業、兼任行政職務之教師感受程度較高。 五、國民小學分布式領導能有效預測教師賦權增能，其中又以「學校文化」此構面的解釋效果最佳。 最後根據上述研究結論，進一步提出相關建議，以提供學校教育人員、教育行政機關及未來研究之參考。The main purpose of this study is to research on the influence of distributed leadership on teachers’ empowerment in elementary schools. Using a questionnaire, this study conducts a survey on 656 teachers from 56 public elementary schools in taoyuan county. Among them, 465 valid questionnaires from teachers were compiled. The returned data were analyzed by statistical methods including mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Our main findings are concluded as follows: 1.Elementary school teachers’ perception of distributed leadership was above average, and “share responsibility ” was highest, and “leadership practice” was lowest. 2.Elementary school teachers’ perception of teachers’ empowerment was above average, and “autonomy” was highest, and “decision making” was lowest. 3.Significant differences were found partly in the elementary school teachers’ perception of distributed leadership, given the consideration of teachers’ demographic variations: sex, age, administrative duties, qualification, service duration and school scale. 4.Significant differences were found partly in the elementary school teachers’ perception of teachers’ empowerment, given the consideration of teachers’ demographic variations: sex, age, administrative duties, qualification, and service duration . 5.Among all dimensions of distributed leadership, the best prediction to teachers’ empowerment is promoting “school culture”. Finally, based on those findings, the study suggests some implications of elementary school teachers, administrative authorities, and further studies as well