Trans-border organizational field and social autonomy: AIDS NGO in China

在中國國家社會關係變遷趨勢的三個重要焦點是NGO的發展、社會抗爭力量的出現，以及國際行動者在中國社會事務中的角色；而在愛滋NGO的發展過程中，提供了同時觀察這三種相關現象的機會。在議題範疇的視野下，本文聚焦於以華北愛滋問題作為共同關注焦點而類型各異的NGO，討論來自跨國、全國與地方三種空間層次的組織的互動與連結，以及愛滋NGO的活動對於既有國家社會的互動模式形成何種衝擊。 在理論觀點上，本文從「組織場域」的角度出發，援引組織制度論提供的多層次分析策略，以便同時在社會系統、組織場域與組織行動者三個層次觀察愛滋NGO的發展動力與演進軌跡。此外，本文進一步針對研究現象的性質提出「跨界組織場域」與「場域層次的社會自主性」兩項概念，以便具體說明全球在地化的制度擴散歷程，以及此一過程如何可能推動國家社會關係的變化。在經驗分析中，本文指出在華北愛滋問題的範疇中出現的NGO，已經在跨國、全國與地方三種空間層次間形成制度化的跨界組織場域，而此一跨界場域的型構、運作與影響，形成了國家力量未能充分掌控的社會活動空間，並且在提升愛滋NGO組織化程度的同時，也使其呈現出「社會運動產業」的性質。The rising of NGO, social resist, and Foreign actors involved in domestic affairs are new dynamics in the transition of state-society relation in china. All these three trends can be observed in AIDS NGO. In the view of issue domain, this dissert study variety of NGO which act at transnational, national, and local level and involve in AIDS governance related to Henan and other adjoin province, where HIV/AIDS diffused in former blood donors. And, this dissert focus on how these NGOs interact, connect and how they change the giver institution arrangement that state sets to limit social forces. Institution theory about organizational field offer rice theoretic tools and analysis strategies to understand the loci and effects of interaction and connection between AIDS NGOs. Beyond organizational field theory, this dissert develop two concepts to explain related phenomenons: “trans-border organization” and “social autonomy of field constructing” In experience, this dissert point out an institutional field which members include IO, INGO and rural organization have emerged. And, the construction, operation and effect of this trans-border organizational field not only promote NGO’s ability to work without state admit, but make their collective action appear the character of “social movement industry”. Key word: state-society relation, golcalization, HIV/AIDS, NGO, organizational fiel