Behavioral and event-related potential studies of emotional effect on recognition memory

本研究包含兩個實驗，分別在再認作業的學習及測驗階段呈現選自國際情緒圖片系統（IAPS）的情緒性及非情緒性圖片作為情境操弄，進而了解情緒性情境對記憶歷程中，入碼及提取階段的影響。行為資料、腦電波相關電位及情緒的生理反應指標皆收集用作分析。實驗一中，中性及負向圖片在記憶目標字出現之前呈現，藉以操弄受試者記憶入碼的情緒狀態。行為結果並未顯示情緒效果，表示入碼的情緒情境不能影響記憶的正確率。事件相關腦電位的資料亦沒有在記憶相關的效果顯現情緒圖片的影響。實驗二中，中性及負向的圖片在提取階段呈現於目標字之前，藉以影響受是者記憶提取時的情緒狀態。相似於實驗一的結果，受試者的行為表現並未受情緒圖片的影響。但在事件相關電位方面，300至500毫秒間，靠近中間前腦區的新舊效果受到情緒的影響。觀看負向圖片後，受試者記憶提取時的新舊效果消失。此結果指出記憶提取時的情緒情境可能造成提取的認知歷程的改變。In two experiments, emotional or non-emotional pictures chosen from the IAPS (International Affective Pictures System) were presented before target words in the study phase or test phase of a recognition task to examine the effect of emotional context on memory encoding and retrieval. Behavioral data, ERP (Event-Related Potential) and physical indicators were adopted. In experiment one; neutral or negative pictures were presented before target in study phase in order to modify the emotional state of encoding. Behavioral data showed no emotional effect. Emotion of encoding context did not affect memory in accuracy. ERP data did not show a significant emotional effect on memory related components. In experiment two, pictures were presented before retrieval to modulate the emotional states during memory retrieving. Similar to experiment one, behavioral data was not affected in all indicators. ERP data in experiment two showed an emotional effect on mid-frontal old/new during 300 to 500ms that the old/new difference was eliminated when retrieved under a negative context. The result provided a possible emotional effect on response bias during retrieval