A Study of World Translated Literature in Taiwan: A Bibliometric Approach

翻譯是一個通過語言代碼或文字符號的轉換來傳遞訊息的過程，文學翻譯除了必須遵循「忠實、通順、易懂」的一般翻譯原則，還必須提供文學欣賞的價值，所以可以說文學翻譯是一種藝術，涉及兩個民族的審美觀點和意識。中國近代翻譯文學既是近代中西文化交流的必然結果，同時也是近代中西文化交流的主要載體之一。 本研究採用書目計量學研究方法，旨在探討1950至2008年間，台灣地區世界文學作品翻譯成中文作品的概況，透過全國圖書書目資訊網（NBINet）蒐集的書目資料，進一步觀察不同地區的作品被翻譯成中文的情形，接著再以「書目單位」、「包含重印本」、「不含重印本及新版」三種計算方式，進行洛卡定律、普萊斯平方根定律及80/20定律等三大學術生產力定律，加以驗證翻譯文學作者與翻譯者生產力之可行性，以作為未來相關研究參考之用。 研究結果歸納如下，1.台灣地區世界文學翻譯作品概況為：(1)翻譯文學的作品國別集中在英、美，其次為法、德、俄；(2)翻譯文學作品呈現穩定成長；(3)翻譯文學出版社出版量集中在21所出版社當中；(4)被翻譯最多的文學作品、作者、與最多產的翻譯者皆集中在英國、美國、法國、德國及俄國；(5)翻譯文學各分區分佈情形大不相同。2.歐美文學翻譯作品生產力定律驗證情形為：(1)被翻譯作者生產力及翻譯者生產力與洛卡定律均不相符；(2)書目單位計算的低生產力作者比例與洛卡定律最為相近；(3)不含重印本計算的低生產力翻譯者與洛卡定律最為相近；(4)翻譯文學作者與翻譯者的生產力與普萊斯平方根定律驗證及80/20定律驗證均不相符。Translation is a process to communication by languages or signs. Literature translation should follow the original principles which are real, clear, and understanding, and it should also afford the value of literature art. Therefore, we can say literature translation is an art, which shows the appreciation of the beauty and sense for two different nationalities. The modern literature translation is not only the result of cultural exchange but also the way for cultural exchange. The main purpose of this study is to explore the world translated literature in Taiwan from 1950 to 2008 based on the theoretical perspectives of the bibliometrics. Three ways are used to compile statistics, including “bibliographic units”, “copies”, and “works” . The distributions of institution productivity are examined by using the Lotka’s, Price and 80/20 Laws. A total of 32159 bibliographic records is retrieved from the NBINet (National Bibliographic Information Network) databases. The results of this study about world translated literature in Taiwan are as follows: (1) The original translated literatures are mostly concentrated in England, USA, France, German, and Russia. (2) The overall growth of the world translated literature in Taiwan is in a vigorously up-growing trend. (3) The publishing of the world translated literature in Taiwan is concentrated in 21 publishers. (4) Most translated literatures, authors, and translators are mainly concentrated in England, USA, France, German, and Russia. (5) The distribution in every country is not the same. Furthermore, the examinations of world translated literature in Taiwan are: (1) The examination of Lotka’s Law is found inapplicable. (2) The percentage of low production authors counted by bibliographic units is similar to Lotka’s Law. (3) The percentage of low production translators counted by works is similar to Lotka’s Law. (4) Price’s Square Root Law and 80/20 Law are found inapplicable to the distribution of authors’ and translators’ productivity