Hybridising Photonic and Biotechnologies to CMOS

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology lies at the heart of all computing and communications equipment, and has also been very successful as an image sensing technology, revolutionising digital imaging. New possibilities for CMOS are now being explored and delivered, including applications in gene sequencing, cell sorting, terahertz imaging and image fusion. We present recent data on the development of ion sensitive field effect transistors for large scale arrays used in gene sequencing and chemical imaging. These devices are capable of following proton ion evolution and diffusion sufficiently fast to be able to measure the ion dynamics in an aqueous medium. These dynamic capabilities are further exploited to demonstrate the measurement of enzyme kinetics on a CMOS chip. We also present advances in photonic technologies on CMOS and how they can be exploited for terahertz imaging and potential multispectral imaging on a chip. Finally, we present results on the development of single photon counting technology and its integration with acoustic particle sorting, presenting a future avenue for hand-held cell sorting and manipulation systems