INTERAKSI NELAYAN MANDAR DAN MADURA KANGEAN Studi Interaksi Sosial di Kepulauan Kangean Kecamatan Sapeken, Kabupaten Sumenep, Provinsi Jawa Timur.

Fishermen in Kangean Islands, especially Mandar fishermen and Madura Kangean in Sapeken district, have been in the marine fishing activities for centuries. It's clearly that they have an established grasp of understanding of their environment. In the interactions between the two groups of fishermen (in the region and outside the region of Kangean Islands), they often stumble on many problems. Thus, this study aims at (1) describing the interaction of Mandar fishermen and Madura Sapeken Kangean in the district, (2) describing patterns of cooperation in the Mandar and Madura Kangean that exist in the Sapeken district of Kangean Islands. The research data is categorized, described and analyzed with the stages of qualitative data collection, namely: participant observation, in-depth interviews, documentation and literature. This study will also explain the issue of innovation and adoption that have been done by Mandar fishermen and Madura Kangean, and seen how the interactions they have done in the sea and on land. The results show that the Mandar and Madura Kangean fishermen have had many innovations in their fishing gear and boats. These innovations do not only come from their own but also from the influence of fishing outside their territory. Some of the Mandar and Madura Kangean fishermen have also adopted negative methodes that impact themselves and other fishermen. The adoption is what emits the internal conflict in the Kangean Islands region, particularly the Sapeken district. The problems which occur in their internal as well as those coming from outside their region turn worst. However, I have not found the ethnic conflict between the Madurese Kangean and Mandar, the conflict in the District of Sapeken Kangean Islands are some fishermen who still use bombs and petisida to catch fish in sea areas. Other conflicts arise from fishermen of Central Java and East Java who enter the region of Kangean Islands by Peursen boat or trawling, which affects traditional fisherment negatively. Keywords: Mandar Fishermen, Madura Kangean Fishermen, Interaction, Technologcal Innovation, Adaptation Strategy