PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI JEROAN TUNA SIRIP KUNING MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS CaO DENGAN METODE TRANSESTERIFIKASI BERTINGKAT

Major problems faced by the general public and the industry is the decreasing availability of fossil fuel. Biodiesel is one of the solutions to these problems. This study uses raw materials from waste innards tuna fishermen catch in Pacitan. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield of oil, FFA content, the main constituent fatty acid composition of biodiesel, the percentage yield of esterification and transesterification, the conversion of methyl esters (biodiesel), than analyzing the physical characteristics of biodiesel. This study uses multilevel transesterification with test parameters FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GC-MS, and physical qualities. The treatments were a temperature of 60oC and 65oC with a catalyst concentration of CaO 1.25 %, 1.5 % , and 1.75 %. The best results were obtained from the treatment of 1.5 % CaO concentration at a temperature of 65oC with oil yield 16.58 %, 2.34 % FFA content, yield 94.67 % esterification, transesterification yield of phase I 86.01 % and phase II 94.58 %, and the conversion of methyl esters (biodiesel) is perfect or 100 %. The main components such as methyl palmitate (43.79 %) and methyl oleate (39.32 %). Physical characteristics biodiesel of waste oil innards tuna have not been able to appropriate most of the requirements of biodiesel, just pour point and cloud point of biodiesel that appropriate quality standards