TENAGA KERJA KAUM TANI DALAM GELIAT PABRIK GULA DI PEKALONGAN PADA MASA CULTUURSTELSEL 1830-1870

Two main things leading to the selection of Java to be the area of investment by Dutch colonial were the presence of the labors and the cheap land or in another words it was the lower production cost. The prerequisites of the condition establishment were put in the period of Cultuurstelsel i.e. when the political and economic obstacles determined their form in the coordinating institution of the natives� power use as mediation for the deployment. For the natives, the presence of the financial capital began to be sensed when the plantation industry was established. The industrial work pattern emerged, which was a combination of agricultural employment of export plants with manufacturing employment. The concrete form was sugar factories. The primary issue in this research was the operation of the sugar Factory in Pekalongan. The issues mainly arose in how the manner of the Gubernemen conditioned various social strata, from the elite top to small farmers to get involved to support the planting projects in ondernemings and the process of turning the sugarcanes into sugar. The sources used in this research were written sources, both primary and secondary sources. The sources obtained from National Archives of Republic of Indonesia, National Library of Republic of Indonesia and the Public Library of Gadjah Mada University. This research concludes that apparently what was predicted as work mechanism could only work if there was a direct involvement of the natives� elites �by using their influence� was not absolute in the application. Indeed, until the first half of the 19th century, various bond of servitude became the primary mean of labor recruitment system. However, the development after the 1850s was apparently highly contrast, by the emergence of what so-called �free labor�