INTERAKSI BANGUNAN DI WILAYAH PESISIR DENGAN GELOMBANG TSUNAMI

Tsunami force both directly and indirectly has caused thousands of deaths. Even people who are in a building higher than the tsunami can reach, may not survive when the building collapse due to tsunami force. Tsunami force on building depends on the characteristics of tsunami, infrastructures and the coastal area. These are the tsunami surge front velocity, the shape and size of the buildings, and the effectiveness of the protections in front of the buildings.This research is aimed to find tsunami force on buildings without protection, tsunami force on building with protection, and tsunami force on elevated buildings. The study was started with literature reviews and theoretical study of tsunami force on buildings, followed by theoretical development. The results are a set of equations that represent the hypothesis of the study. To assure the accuracy of the theoretical equations, a series of experiments were carried out in the laboratory. A physical model was constructed in the Hydraulic and Hydrology Laboratory of the Research Center for Engineering Sciences GadjahMada University. This was a 24m long flume of 1.45m width and 1.5m height equipped with surge generator based on dam break system. Models of solid buildings type were installed with and without protection one at a time. The building types were either elevated or non elevated type. The protection model was represented by sea wall of various heights and distances from the building to be tested. The results of the study are a set of equations of tsunami force on overtopping and non overtopping solid buildings for both elevated and non elevated building types, and tsunami force on protected buildings. Tsunami force calculations based on the equations similar to the laboratory test result. Further use of the formula given in the example a simple case