AKTIVITAS ANTIHIPERTENSI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyantha [Wigth] Walp) PADA TIKUS WISTAR, PROFIL KROMATOGRAFI LAPIS TIPIS SERTA PENETAPAN KANDUNGAN FENOLIK TOTAL DAN FLAVONOID TOTALNYA

Hypertension is a high prevalent degenerative disease and develops progressively. Management of hypertension includes lifestyle changes and medication management. Salam (Syzygium polyanthum [Wight] Walp) leaves is widely used as antyhypertension traditional medicine. The aim of the study was to the antihypertensive activity of the ethanolic extract of Salam leaves (ESP) with a non invasive direct method of measuring blood pressure in rats. Chemical constituents of ESP determined by thin layer chromatography and the total phenolic and flavonoid were determined by spectroscopy. Test animal models of hypertension was made with the induction of sub cutaneous of phenylephrine 0.9 mg / kg body weight. Hypertension condition was set if there is significant in comparison to the normal basic value. Nifedipine (10.8 mg / kg per oral) was used as a comparison. The ESP dose of 225 mg / kg (ESP225), ESP dose of 75 mg / kg (ESP75) and ESP dose of 25 mg / kg (ESP25) in 1% Na CMC vehicle were observed that decreased of blood pressure. ESP exposed by oral administration with a time of 15 minutes before induction of phenylephrine. Observation of blood pressure measurement at the time before, at the 15th minute and at the 40th minute after induction of phenylephrine, including systole, diastole, mean arterial pressure and heart rate. Antihypertensive activity investigated by ESP that can lower blood pressure induced phenylephrine. The results of this study showed that TLC profile of ESP consist of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids and saponins. Total phenolic content in ESP 11.6 ± 0.3% ekuivalen with gallic acid, total flavonoids 43.9 ± 0.9% ekuivalen with quercetin. ESP225 showed antihypertensive activity in the 55th minute, ESP75 showed activity in the 30th minute after the time of administration. Potency is the most powerful antihypertensive ESP75 by 69 ± 24% of the increase in diastolic 18 mmHg and 73 ± 8% of the increase in systolic 30 mmHg. ESP activity on influence of the heart rate was not significant