ANALISIS HAMBATAN KEBIJAKAN DALAM PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN (HKm)

HKm is a form of social forestry program which has been started 1995. As a program, HKm has two essential components, i.e. the policy documents and implementation. Until this time, policy of HKm have followed several amendments and changes. Many literatures have generally pointed out that the improvements of forest conditions do not necessarilly reflect the well-being of local communities. This indicates that within the HKm policy, there are some elements that became barriers for comunity to benefit from the forest resources, which is improving societies well-being. A policy analysis was used to identify the substances of the HKm policy. The analytical method covers the problem formulation, forecasting, recommendation, monitoring, and evaluations. This research focused on only obstacles faced by local communities to benefit from the forest resources, principally on the levels of access. The results showed that there are barriers within HKm policy. In Kepmenhut No. 622/Kpts-II/1995, the barriers relate to management period, responsibilities of local communities, requirements for forest resources collection, and sanctions.In Kepmenhut No. 677/Kpts-II/1998, the barriers include procedural establishment, responsibilities of local communities, requirements for forest resources coleection, and sanctions. In Kepmenhut No. 31/Kpts-II/2001, there are barriers in section that manages procedure establishment, management period, responsibilities of local communities, and sanctions. In Kepmenhut No. 37/Kpts-II/2007, the substances which serve barriers were found in the section that manages procedural establishment, requirements for forest resources collection, and sanctions. Several changes has been made by government to make the implementation of HKm easier than before in order to reach societies wellbeing