PENGEMBANGAN RANCANGBANGUN TUNGKU GASIFIKASI BIOMASSA DENGAN ALIRAN UDARA PAKSA

Biomass is a potential alternative energy resource. Biomass is able to be converted into the energy resource by using gasification technology. A technology that using the biomass gasification process is the gasification stove. The research purpose is to develop the design models of the gasification stove which be able to be used for biomass combustion with forced air flow and to know the primary air flow rate effect which is flowed into the stove to the temperature of the primary and secondary vessel and of the flame. This experiment was conducted by adjusting and varying the flow of the primary air by varying the number of the holes of the air inlet and by varying the inlet air flow forced by the blower. The stove performance was measured by the primary air temperature, the secondary air temperature, the flame temperature and the energy efficiency from the observed data. In this research, the gasification stove biomass fuels is pine wood which were cut in the size of ± 2 x 2 centimeters. The result showed that the design of the gasification stove with 0,76 Kg wood capacity used up within 25 minutes for one combustion process. The stove performance is affected by the air flow and the primary air holes. The best stove performance were obtained in 0,0252 x 10 -2 m 3 /s air flow rate with a 1,809 x 10 -3 m 2 to the holes total areas which have a 692,94 o C stove flame average temperature. The gasification stove can giving the high efficiency of 18,38%, it is better than the conventional stove which giving the efficiency of 10,65%