PERBEDAAN PENGARUH IMPLANTASI SUBKUTAN KARBONAT APATIT DAN HIDROKSIAPATIT TERHADAP KUALITAS PERMUKAAN KONTAK BAHAN IMPLAN

Hydroxyapatite (HA) and carbonate apatite (CHA) are a synthetic material that have been widely used as a bone implant material. Synthetic implant is a foreign object in the body that can trigger inflammatory reactions. Bone implants are not only contact to the bone but also the soft tissue, therefore biocompatibility test in soft tissue is required. Soft tissue biocompatibility of the implant can be evaluated from interface quality of the implant materials based on histological grading scale, which is measured by the presence of macrophages and foreign body giant cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the different effect of subcutaneous implantation HA and CHA based on the interface quality of the implant material. Discs of HA and CHA implants were made with a diameter of 6 mm and 0.8 mm thick. Fifteen Rattus norvegicus were anesthetized by ketamine hydrochloride 25mg/bb and xylazine 3mg/bb intramuscularly. Each rat were implanted HA subcutaneously on the right back and CHA on the left side. Every three rats were sacrificed on day 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The sections were prepared from each remain implants with surrounding tissue, stained with haematoxylin eosin, and examined by light microscopy with 400x magnification. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric statistics, then followed by the Mann-Whitney test. Macrophages and foreign body giant cells were found on the interface of HA implants in day 7, 14, and 21, whereas not found on CHA in all periods of the day. There is no significant differences of interface quality score between the CHA and HA implant (p>0,05). The conclusion of this study was HA and CHA induced inflammatory response at the same level on soft tissue