BIOREMEDIASI LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KERTAS MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK IMOBILISASI ENZIM KASAR DAN BIOMASSA SEL JAMUR

Waste water of paper industr y containing high concentration of lignin and cellulose. These organic polymers are difficult to be degraded in the environment due to its complexity of chemical structure. Lignin can be degraded by fungi produc ing lignolitic enzymes, while cellulose can be degraded by cellulolytic fungi. The conventional technique to remedies industrial waste water resulfed in low efficiency. The purpose of this research is to remediase those waste water using immobilization technique to increase quality of remediation. This study using 3 selected fungal isolates. Those were K1, KRMS 5, and TPA 4 which had high lignolitic and cellulolytic activities. Crude enzyme and bimass of those fungi were immobilized using calcium alginate with three kinds of diametric beads that were 0.15, 0.25, and 0.35 cm for crude enzyme and 0.25 and 0.35 cm for biomass. Analysis was done using parameter of decolorization, lignin and cellulose degradation. Immobilized crude enzyme and fungal biomass were inoculated to paper industrial waste water, and incubated for 84 hours. The results showed that the highest immobilized enzyme (diameter 0.25 cm) 71.9% in the rate of decolorization, 57.44% in the rateThe highest immobilized enzyme (diameter 0,25 cm) 71.9% in the rate of decolorization, 57.44% in the rate of lignin degradation, and 36.43% in the rate of cellulose degradation. The highest immobilized fungal biomass (diameter 0.25 cm) 60.56% in the rate of decolorization, 38.99% in the rate of lignin degradation, and 15.4% in the rate of cellulose degradation. Based on the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the fungal colonies such as the form of conidium, conidiogenous cells, and conidiophore