POTENSI EKSTRAK AQUADES PEPINO (Solanum muricatum) SEBAGAI ZAT ANTIPROLIFERASI PADA SEL KANKER KOLON WiDr SECARA IN VITRO

extract Background: Cancer is a non-communicable disease, which become world health problem, including in Indonesia. The prevalence of colon cancer is increased from year to year. The risk of colon cancer can be reduced by consumption of fruits and vegetables. One of fruit that is believed as anticancer is pepino (Solanum muricatum). Pepino containing ascorbic acid, alkaloids, carotenoids, and phenolic components, which are known as antioxidants. Objective: This aim of this study is to assess the effect of aqueous extract of pepino (Solanum muricatum) on proliferation and apoptosis induction of colon cancer cells WiDr. 5 Methods: This study is an experimental research laboratory. Colon cancer cells WiDr were treated with aqueous extract of pepino fruit (Solanum muricatum) in different concentrations. -Fluorouracil was used as positive control. The cytotoxic effect of aqueous extract of pepino and 5-Fluorouracil was performed by direct counting method. Caspase-3 expression as reflection of apoptosis activity was performed by immunohistochemistry. Data was analysed by the Kruskal- Wallis statistical method and IHC scoring was done by modification of Allred Scoring method. luorouracil Results: Kruskal-Wallis test on the results of cytotoxic effect showed that treatment with an aqueous extract of pepino in concentration of 250-1000 µg/ml has no effect on the average number of WiDr cell (p>0,05). IC50 value of the aqueous extract of pepino are 700 µg/ml and 1000 µg/ml. Immunohistochemistry with anticaspase-3 showed that all cells (100%) in the positive control (5-FU), negative control (no treatment), and intervention (aqueous extract of pepino) groups showed positive results. Majority of the cells (50.8%) in all groups show medium intensity (value=2). The average number of cells in all groups with low intensity (value=1) are 29.4%, and with high intensity (value=3) are 19.8%. The IHC scoring showed that there was no significant difference in inducing apoptosis in colon cancer cells WiDr treated with aqueous extract of pepino and 5- F compared to the negative control. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of pepino in concentration of 250-1000 µg/ml does not have significant effect on proliferative inhibition of WiDr cells. The aqueous extract of pepino at IC50 does not increase apoptosis