Campylobacter jejuni PADA AYAM KAMPUNG : DETEKSI, KARAKTERISASI, DAN PENGEMBANGAN IMUNOKROMATOGRAFI UNTUK SEROEPIDEMIOLOGI

Campylobacter spp is one of the bacteria that cause infections in human in the form of gastroenteritis and sometimes Guillain-Barre syndrome. C. jejuni is responsible for about 90% of cases of campylobacteriosis in human with gastroenteritis. Healthy chickens can carry Campylobacter spp in the intestinal tract. Efforts to prevent the incidence of Campylobacteriosis in human should be started with an assessment on its level in poultry. This study aims to (1) detect presence of C. jejuni on village chickens in Mataram, (2) investigate the presence of iam gene and resistance to some antibiotics of C. jejuni isolated from village chickens (3), develop a diagnostic test for C. jejuni on chicken using immunochromatographic serology, and (4 ) investigate factors associated with the presence of C. jejuni on village chickens in Mataram. The results showed that C. jejuni was detected on village chicken in Mataram. Invasion-associated marker gene (iam) was detected in 30 % (3/ out of 10) of C. jejuni isolated. Sensitivity of C. jejuni isolated from village chicken showed the highest resistance was against ampicillin 50% (5/10), followed by ciprofloxacin 30 % (3/10) and tetracycline 0% (0/10). Isolates with multiple drugs resistance were found to be 20% (2/10). Immmunochromatographic card developed in this study would be used properly. It has the ability to distinguish C. jejuni infected serum from the uninfected. Negative reaction is characterized by the appearance of one red line on the card and two red lines for the infected chicken. Kappa test 0,74 was revealed when the immunochromatography was compared to the cultural method. The prevalence of C. jejuni on village chickens in Mataram NTB at the level of chickens was 35.6% and at the level of farm was 70.5%. Poultry variable that gives the frequency different in the incidence of C. jejuni on village chicken is the age of chicken more than three month (OR= 2,25). Farmer variables that give difference frequency of occurrence of C. jejuni were chicken caged (� 2 = 6,15), cage with soil floor (OR=5,71) and drinking water of chicken originated from surface water (OR= 5,50). Variables showed positive association of C. jejuni occurrence in chicken were age of chicken more than three month, the number of chicken ownership, and cage with soil floor. The variable which showed negative association was factor of drinking water of chicken originated from wells. Model obtained using logistic regression in association with occurence of C. jejuni on village chicken in Mataram is Y = -2.033 - 0.890 (Wells water) + 0.741 (Soil floor) + 0.271 (Age more than 3 month) + 0.103 (Number of chicken)