HUBUNGAN ANTARA PREMATURITAS DENGAN KEJADIAN AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER

The prevalence of Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has increased in recent decades. The definite causes of ASD are not yet to be found, it is believed that they constitute genetic and non genetic factors. Inconsistent findings have been shown by previous studies on this matter. The objective is to determine the relationship between prematurity and ASD incidence. This case-control study was performed at autistic schools in Yogyakarta, from February 2011 to October 2012. The inclusion criteria were children with ASD, who became subjects of the study upon agreement from their parents. Subjects with a genetic condition or who were moving out during the study period were excluded. The case group consisted of 48 subjects and 96 subjects for control-group. Data were obtained through questionaire by direct interview. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the hypothesis. Results: Demographic characteristics (parental age, parental education and family history of ASD) did not show a significant association with ASD. Prematurity was not associated with ASD (p=0,46), however asphyxia and caesarean birth show a significant association with ASD, respectively (OR=8,3 CI95%=1,9-35,4 p=0,00