PROSES MASUKNYA MUSIK BARAT DI PAPUA

The main discussion in this research is to take a look at the introducing process of western music in developing the western music in Papua which is showed through the qualitative research method by using multi-disciplinary approach (Musicology). The presence of western music coincided with Christianity in Papua was the beginning of the biggest reformation of culture and education as well. The presence of western music was a part of the missionaries� work in which they came to Papua for bible preaching. Consequently, it had influenced the western culture appearing in Papua. The existence of ecclesiastic music used in every Christian religious observance could be also seen as the influence of western culture accepted by the Papuans. The influence of western musiccan be found in vocal music, however, it does not have influence to the use of traditional musical instrument of Papua, named Tifa, which still exists up to now as a typical music of Papua. Before the western music came, also meant before Christianity presence, Papuans had only known vocal music with 5 tones (pentatonic). The vocal music was sung in traditional and religious ceremony. The music sung by them was addressedtothe ancestors�spirits and ghosts that were believed stayed around the people� residence and as the god (ManserenNanggi). The missionaries� role to reform Papuan culture can develop larger. The appearing of western music in Papua was missionaries� effort to introduce liturgy music sung in every Christian religious observance. Ottow and Geisler were the first missionaries coming to Papua on February 5th , 1855, especially to Mansinam island. These two people had the greater role to reform Papuans who lived in Mansinam believed in God. In honor of their merit, today there is a commemorative statue of Ottow and Geisser in Mansinam island. Papuans who are in the average level of having good musical competence, nowadays, use the western music as a means to praise God. They express the praise at churches in some ways such asvocal group, choir, and even solo singing. Papuans usually express their faith to God by singing ecclesiastical and praise songs. It can be concluded that the missionaries� role in introducing the western music take a greater impact in Papua