UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK TUMBUHAN KUMIS KUCING (Orthosiphon sp.) SEBAGAI PENGAWET ALAMI KAYU TERHADAP SERANGAN RAYAP KAYU KERING Cryptotermes sp.

Synthetic chemicals that have been used in wood preservation potential to pollute the environment. For that, currently needed other sources of preservatives are cheap, easily available and most importantly is biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Bioactive compounds in plants can be used as a wood preservative because it can resist insect attack and are toxic such as saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids and steroids. Use of herbal plants has not been largely done as a natural preservative whereas its number and type is relatively abundant. Kumis kucing plant research need to be done as a natural wood preservative using a solvent of water and ethanol. This study aims to determine (1) the best extracts (toxic) of kumis kucing plant (Orthosiphon sp.) by extraction using ethanol, hot water or cold water at a concentration of 1:4, 1:8 and 1:12 to the dry wood termite Cryptotermes sp. mortality and the weight reduction of test sample and (2) effectiveness of the best extract in preventing dry wood termite attacks on the application for the preservation of wood. The experiment was conducted in three sub-study. The first sub-study is toxicity testing on filter paper. Filter paper impregnated with a variety of solvents and concentration factors and then tested on dry wood termites to find the best extract of kumis kucing. The second research sub is application of the best extracts on the timber to determine its effectiveness to protect wood from dry wood termites. The woods used are sengon and benuang. The third sub-study is phytochemical testing of kumis kucing extracts. Data on the first and second study were analyzed by ANOVA in factorial CRD. The results showed that the best extract is ethanol extract of kumis kucing plant concentration of 1:4. The effectiveness of this extract showed an average of 65% termite mortality and weight reduction of paper by 2.71% (control: termite mortality: 7% weight reduction: 37.86%). The effectiveness of the extract on testing using sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) showed the average by 51% termite mortality and weight reduction of 0.033 g of wood (control: termite mortality: 29