INTEGRASI PASAR DAN EFISIENSI EKONOMI USAHA TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI SULAWESI SELATAN, SULAWESI TENGAH DAN KALIMANTAN TIMUR

This study aims to (1) Forecast the price of beef in the short term and fluctuations and know the price fluctuations of beef in East Kalimantan, South Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi, (2) know the existence of market integration, (3) determine the relationship short-term between the price of beef cattle with the factors that influence (4) determine the effect price of variable factors of production to the gross margin and the elasticity of demand to price and production factors on output prices, (5) allocate a variable input use were optimal or not, so unknown beef cattle farm gross margin has reached the maximum condition or not, (6) determine the condition of farm-scale beef cattle, and (7) to know the relative similarity of economic efficiency, equality relative price efficiency, technical efficiency and price similarity, as well as the absolute similarity between the farm price of beef cattle. Research conducted in the Province of East Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi and South Sulawesi. Respondents of this study were 210 cattle farmers. This study also uses monthly and weekly data price of beef, chicken meat prices, the price of flour and eggs prices from 2001 to 2008. Data analysis using Johansen co-integration test, error correction model and unit price of output Cobb-Douglas Profit Function. The results showed that: (1) the price of beef in Samarinda, Tenggarong, Makasar and Palu tends to increase from year to year and show low volatility or fluctuations in the price was relatively low, (2)there was Cattle market integration between East Kalimantan (the deficit area of cattle) with Central Sulawesi and South Sulawesi (the surplus area of cattle), (3) In short-term changes of beef price in the Palu and Makassar city and eggs price changes affect changes of beef price in the Samarinda, while changes of beef price in Palu and Makasar city in the short-term affecting on change of beef price in Tenggarong, (4) On conditions to maximize profits, gross margins of cattle farms in East Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi and South Sulawesi have negative relationships with the price of wage labor, drug prices, the price of the rope and the price of rice bran and have a positive relationship with the cattle value (5) Allocation of variable input use in cattle farms in East Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi and South Sulawesi are still not optimal and therefore has not reached the maximum gross margin,(6)Cattle farms conditions in East Kalimantan was in a state of increasing returns to scale, while in Central Sulawesi and South Sulawesi were in a state of decreasing returns to scale, (7) although there were differences in technical efficiency and allocative efficiency, but between cattle farms in East Kalimantan with cattle farms in Central Sulawesi and South Sulawesi had commonality of economic efficiency, and similarity had not been in a state of maximizing profits