PERGESERAN PANDANGAN HIDUP SUKU TOLAKI : KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA TERHADAP CERITA RAKYAT TOLAKI

The research toward Tolakinese folktale based on the problem of shifting within Tolakinese way of life in current day. It is caused by the appearing of social realities that is transformed in the all extent of values. Therefore, the research aimed at explaining of socio-cultural condition of Tolaki tribe, their way of life, the form of shifting for way of life, and the factors that are occurred the shifting itself. However, the theory was chosen in analyzing the problem of research related initially to the theory of sociology of literature as established by Alan Swingewood. The result of research shows that such a way of life in LMNW story consist of a human relation within the Creator, women position in society, the right and obligation of a men in society, as well as the wedding and divorce. The story of IW explains about a way of life among Tolaki Tribe that is interconnected with a relation between parents and children, humankind and other creations, and women position in a family as well. Beside, the story of IS exposes a such way of life related with the ordinary life due to the believe toward a supernatural being, performing art as a part of Tolaki�s wedding party, and also the obligation for the family who one died their family member. There also a way of life in the story of IL that was consisted of a planning for opening new field agriculture. While in the story of LM, it describes a way of life that is interconnected to cosmology, children position in the family and a relation between the brothers as well. In the Tolakinese folktale, it was founded the forms of shifting of such way of life, such as a way of life that is related with a relation between human and its Creator. It means that Tolaki people firstly dwelled animism, then become syncretism at all. It is caused by the influence of Islamic teaching among the Tolaki Tribe. There was such way of life in case of choosing a pre-wife, it means that firstly a wife should be from a near family (toono meohai), then it is shifted to wife be from other family (toono suere). The shifting of a way of life was happened also on the position of women that currently viewed inferior, subordinated, and marginalized, then become shifted by a way that a Tolaki women should have an intellectual skill. It is caused by the abusing of power among Tolaki nobilities (anakia). However, there also a shifting of social status by which determined with father line, then it shifted bases on marital status. A way of life on children who hoped to be the next generation, also shifted to be breaking up a communication between parents and children. It is caused by parents themselves less giving a moral education to the children