PEMBUATAN SODIUM LIGNO SULFONAT (SLS) DARI ISOLAT LIGNIN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKS) DENGAN KATALIS NaOH PADA PROSES SULFONASI

intension of two liquid phases. One example is sodium ligno sulfonate (SLS) which is useful to enhance oil recovery in oil refinery industry. SLS is a result of the reaction of sulfite and lignin, which lignin is obtained from solid waste of oil palm bunches that we know it is very abundant, easy to obtain, and cheap. In design of a surfactant reactor we need some data of reaction kinetics. The purpose of this research is to understand the kinetics and the influence of some factors to the reaction of SLS-making process. SLS-making process is conducted by a sulfonation process in a stirred tank �batch� reactor. NaOH catalyst was added to decrease the activation energy in lignin and it is a pH regulator of the sulfonation reaction. SLS-making process is done by varying concentration of NaHSO3 reaction (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%) and reaction time (30, 60, 90, 120, and 180) minutes. Referring to the research results can be shown that the reaction kinetics is controlled by a chemical reaction using a model of liquid-liquid reaction of both sulfite and lignin which are activated in the liquid phases. The highest conversion of sulfonation process is 89% on the condition of the weight of lignin isolates 10 gram, the concentration of NaHSO3 30%, the concentration of catalyst 20% at pH 7, the temperature 950C, and the reaction time 180 minutes, respectively. The suitable model of this research is a quasi-order irreversible reaction. The correlation of the temperature influence to the constant of reaction rate can be expressed by the exponential equation: k = 6.6467 x 10 pangkat 4 exp (- 28961,9 / RT), (liter/mol.min)