PENGIMBASAN KETAHANAN PI SANG TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM DENGAN ASAM SALISILAT IN VITRO

ABSTRACT Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signal in plant defense. It is used as induced resistance agent against Fusarium wilt. An artificial induction was conducted by shaking the shoot groups of banana tissue culture in liquid medium of Murashige-Skoog (MS). MS medium was added with 0 ppm (as control), ~ LC50, ~ LC50, ~ LC50, and LC50 concentration of SA. Alive shoot groups were subcultured for about three months and were acclimated. Resistance test had been conducted in glass house by inoculated six months old banana seedlings with Fusarium oxysporumfsp. cubense (Foe). Leaves symptom were observed based on Leaf Symptom Index (LSI) and corm discoloration based on Rhizome Discoloration Index (RDI). The result of this research showed that induced banana seedlings had higher plant resistance to Fusarium wilt than control. Keywords: banana fusarium wilt, defence, salicylic acid INTI SARI Asam salisilat (SA) merupakan signal penting dalam ketahanan tanaman, digunakan sebagai senyawa pengimbas ketahanan tanaman pisang terhadap penyakit layu Fusarium. Pengimbasan dilakukan pada kelompok tunas kultur jaringan pisang dalam medium kultur jaringan MS cair dengan konsentrasi SA 0 ppm (sebagai kontrol), 1fsLC50, ~ LC50, Y:zLC50 dan LC50. Tunas yang bertahan hidup ditumbuhkan sebagai bibit dan uji ketahanan dilakukan di rumah kaca dengan inokulasi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foe) pada bibit pisang umur enam bulan pasca aklimatisasi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap gejala layu pada daun (Leaf Symptom Index = LSJ) dan diskolorasi pada bonggol (Rhizome Discoloration Index = RDJ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bibit pisang hasil pengimbasan memiliki ketahanan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Kata kunci : asam salisilat, ketahanan, layu fusarium pisan