Pendapatan dan fertilitas di negara-negara ketiga

ABSTRAK The process of economic development is generally associated with the societal shift from high to low fertility - the so-called 'Demographic Transition". The relationship between income and fertility plays a central role in the theory of demographic transition and a sustained rise in income is the main feature of economic development. A simple ranking of Third World Nations will show that higher level of income tend to go handin-hand with lower levels of fertility. However, when other factors thought to affect fertility are held constant, the direction of the relationship between income and fertility has been found to be negative, positive and nonexistent with about equal frequency. Therefore, it is not clear whether increases in income, ceteris paribus, are associated with higher or lower levels of fertility. With this in mind, this paper examines empirically the direction of the cross-national association between income and fertility. Key Words: fertility, income, economic development, demographic transition, third countrie