Sampling dan analisis cemaran senyawa organoklorin dalam air laut Jawa

ABSTRAK Suatu penyelidikan telah dilakukan untuk mengetahul tingkat pecemaran air taut oleh senyawa organoklorin, yakni poliklorbifenil (PCB) dan turunan DDT. Pengambilan contoh air taut sebanyak 100 liter yang kemudian disaring untuk memisahkan bahan tersuspensi. Ektraksi polutan baik dart air saringan maupun dad bahan tersuspensi dilakukan dengan menggunakan heksana. Analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif dilakukan dengan kromatografi gas memakal kolom kapiler dan dilengkapi dengan ECD, pengambilan contoh otomatik dan integrator. Suhu kolom &program dart 60°C sampai 180°C. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa p',p'-DDE ditemukan dimuara Sungai Porong, dan cemaran PCB ditemukan dekat kota Surabaya. Kedua fens senyawa tersebut lebih banyak ditemukan di Selat Madura bagian barat. Di Laut Jawa sangat rendah (harga tertinggi hanya 0.15 Lg/g lemak). Hasil keseluruhan kadar turunan DDT dan PCB masih dibawah ambang batas toksisitas. Kata kunci: Air taut, polikiorbifenils, penyari lssabella. ABSTRACT Organochlorine compounds polichlorbiphenils (PCBs) and DDT derivative are very undegradable. The compounds are very toxic, and very unsoluble in water. Therefore was required a hundret liters of sea water to analize them. Sea water was filtered and taken by vacuum pump into a 100 litre of container. The sample was pressed through a fine porous filter for collecting the suspended matter and push it into an lssabetla extractor, using hexane as a solvent. Hexane was dried using evaporator and the solid risidue was collected. About 100 mg of residue was accurately weight and disoived into 10 ml hexana, applied into an alumina and then into an silica coloumn respectively to sparate fatty acid, D7T derivative and PCB. The sample was eluted using hexane and hexane-ethyl ether (9:1) sequently. The suspended matter was ektracted with hexane continuously using Soxhlet and than was separated by alumina and silica coloumn. The solution was concentrated and applied on Gas liquid Chromatographic apparatus using open capilary coloumn. Temperature of the coloumn was programed from 60° to 180° and steply incresed by 5°C per minute, using automatic sampler, ECO, and programable intregrator. The results showed that pCp. DDE was found in Porong river's estuarian. PCB was found in the beach around of Surabaya. Both DDT derivative and PCB were much more found in western part of Madura Strait, while in Java Sea they were found in very low concentration (0.15 p.g/g fat matterial). It was obtained that DDT and PCBs were below the minimum toxical limit