Pengaruh manipulasi media terhadap kandungan alkaloid steroid dalam kalus Solanum aculeatissimum

ABSTRACT The effects of the manipulation of the media on the steroidal alkaloid content in the callus of Solarium acute alissirmun were studied. This work was done as an effort for obtaining a steroidal alkaloid through tissue culture which is expected gaining a larger amount of steroidal alkaloid. Tissue culture of S.aculeatissimum were initialed from leaf explants on Murashige-Skoog's medium supplemented with 1 ppm kinetin and 1 ppm 2,4- dichloropherioxyacetic acid. Then the callus were subcultural into new media which were containing different concentrations of sucrose, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, kinetin and cholesterol The steroidal alkaloid content was determined with spectrophotometer at 426 nm. The maximum concentration of the total steroidal alkaloid was obtained from the callus, which was grown on the media with 20 and 30 g/I sucrose, 50 and 100% (to the normal amount) potassium nitrate, 50% (to the normal amount) ammonium nitrate and 1 ppm kinefin. No significant deference was obtained between the maximum concentration of the steroidal alkaloid within the callus and the steroidal alkaloid concentration of the original plant's leaves. When cholesterol was added to a level of about 100 ppm, the steroidal alkaloid content was lower than the steroidal alkaloid content of the original plant's leaves. Key words: Solanum aculeatissimum - time culture - steroidal alkaloi