Somaclonal Variation Of Lily And Their Chromosomes Stability Variasi Somaklonal Lili Dan Kestabilan Kromosomnya

ABSTRACT Somaclonal variation of lily after long term in vitro culture was studied by means of cytological approach. Lilium x formolongi cv. Azusa was subcultured regularly every two weeks for over than two years. Cell suspension growth rate was determined by measuring packed cell volume. Artificial mutation vas induced by irradiating the cells with X-ray at their growing peak. The results showed that fag phase of cell suspension growth rate occurred during the first two days after subculture. Number of metaphase cells decreased due to irradiation treatment. Furthermore, the range of chromosome number variation has not changed but the amplification of variation due to irradiation occured. Keywords: somaclonal variation, irradiation, cell suspension, lily. INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi somaclonal yang terjadi pada sel-sel lili yang telah dipelihara secara in vitro dalam waktu yang lama. Bahan yang digunakan adalah kultur suspensi se! Lilium x formolongi cv. Azusa dan disubkultur setiap dua minggu sekali selama lebih dart dua tahun. Laju pertumbuhan sel diukur dengan mengukur volume suspensi sel. Mutasi buatan dilakukan dengan penyinaran sinar- X Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan suspensi sel mengikuti kurva sigmoid. Perlakuan radiasi menurunkan jumlah sel-sel yang mengalami pembelahan. Kisaran variasi jumlah kromosom tidak menunjukkan perbedaan antara perlakuan radiasi dengan tanpa radiasi tetapi memperlihatkan amplifikasi yang berbeda di antara keduanya. Kate kunci: variasi somaklonal, iradiasi, suspensi sel