Armor Layer Stability Coefficient Under Nearly Breaking And Broken Wave Attack In Limited Dept Condition

The use of breakwater for coastal and harbor area protection against wave attack is very common. Yet there are still many uncertainties found in the design of such a structure particularly the rubble mound breakwater. This type of breakwater may be repaired after slightly damage due to wave attack The flexible armor layer that is dump randomly over to protect the main body of the structure made it repairable. The design of the cover layer which may only suffer slightly (5% damage) under an extreme wave condition is challenging. There have been many formulae available usually with limitation to its utilization. The Hudson formula is widely used, although it is limited to many conditions. Broken wave attack is one condition in which the Hudson formula may not be used. A broken wave condition is the condition where some of the wave have broken before reaching the structure due to shallow water (limited depth) condition. The research is aimed at finding the effect of broken wave to the stability of armor layer. A rubble mound breakwater model was constructed and attacked by irregular nearly breaking and broken wave in a flume. The results showed that a coefficient should be added to the Hudson formula to justify its utilization for broken wave condition