Shape-Dependent Electrocatalysis: Oxygen Reduction on Carbon-Supported Gold Nanoparticles

Cubic, octahedral and quasi-spherical (two different particle sizes) Au nanoparticles are synthesised and dispersed in a carbon-black powder. The size and morphology of the Au nanocatalysts is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Au nanospheres are approximately 5 and 30 nm in diameter, whereas the size of Au octahedra and nanocubes is approximately 40–45 nm. The electrocatalytic activity of these carbon-supported particles towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is studied in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 0.1 M KOH solutions by using the rotating-disk-electrode method. The specific activity (SA) for O2 reduction is measured, and the highest SA is observed for Au nanocubes supported on carbon. The highest mass activities are found for the smallest Au nanoparticles. Tafel analysis suggests that the mechanism of the ORR on shape-controlled Au/C catalysts is the same as on bulk Au.This research was financially supported by institutional research funding (IUT 20–16) of the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research and by the Estonian Research Council (Grant No. 8380), by Archimedes Foundation (Project No. 3.2.0501.10–0015), by the MCINN-FEDER (Spain) (project CTQ 2010–16271) and by the Generalitat Valenciana (project PROMETEO/2009/045)