Efektivitas menggunakan pajak minuman manis untuk mengurangi obesitas: tinjauan sistematis

The effectiveness of taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce obesity: a systematic reviewPurpose: Use of taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) can contribute to reducing the prevalence of obesity. However, how much effectiveness needs to be proven. Method: A systematic review was carried out on articles published between 2013-2018, which examined the effectiveness of the SSBs tax to prevent obesity. Results. Five relevant studies were included in this review. One study discussed the effectiveness of SSBs tax to provide benefits for saving health care costs. Two studies concluded that the tax for consumption and the purchase of SSBs decreases and had an impact on weight loss. Finally, two other studies reported the effectiveness of SSBs tax in more detail to decreasing DALYs and increasing QALYs, which can save health care costs. Conclusion: The application of a 20% SSBs tax is effective for reducing excess weight, increasing QALYs, and decreasing DALYs. SSBs tax should consider different countries consumer behavior in substituting and complementing other beverage products containing sweeteners.Tujuan: Penerapan pajak atas minuman manis dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam menurunkan prevalensi obesitas. Namun, seberapa besar efektivitasnya perlu dibuktikan. Metode: Tinjauan sistematik dilakukan pada artikel yang terbit antara Tahun 2013-2018 yang meneliti efektivitas penerapan pajak minuman manis terhadap penurunan obesitas. Hasil: Diperoleh lima studi yang relevan, satu studi membahas efektivitas penerapan pajak minuman manis dalam memberikan manfaat penghematan biaya perawatan kesehatan, dua studi lain membahas dengan adanya pajak minuman manis tingkat konsumsi dan pembelian minuman manis berkurang serta berdampak pada penurunan berat badan. Terakhir, dua studi lainnya membahas efektivitas penerapan pajak minuman manis lebih detil hingga penurunan DALYs dan peningkatan QALYs meningkat yang dapat menghemat biaya perawatan kesehatan. Simpulan: Penerapan pajak minuman manis sebesar 20% efektif untuk mengurangi obesitas dan menurunkan kelebihan berat badan serta meningkatkan QALYs dan menurunkan DALYs. dalam menerapkan pajak minuman perlu disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan masing-masing negara dan mempertimbangkan perilaku konsumen dalam melakukan substitusi dan komplementar terhadap produk minuman yang mengandung pemanis lainnya.The effectiveness of using taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce obesity: a systematic reviewPurpose: Using of taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) can contribute to reducing the prevalence of obesity. However, how much effectiveness needs to be proven. Method: A systematic review was carried out on articles published between 2013-2018 which examined the effectiveness using of the tax on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) to reduce obesity. Results: Obtained five relevant studies, one study discusses the effectiveness using of the tax on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) to provide benefits for saving health care costs, two other studies discuss the existence of a Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) tax rate of consumption and the purchase of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) decreases and has an impact on weight loss. Finally, two other studies discuss the effectiveness using of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) tax in more detail to decreasing DALYs and increasing QALYs which can save health care costs. Conclusion: The application of a 20% Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) tax is effective for reducing obesity and reducing excess weight and increasing QALYs and decreasing DALYs. Using of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) tax, it needs to be adjusted to the needs of each country and consider consumer behavior in substituting and complementing other beverage products containing sweeteners