This work deal with a heirship from the historical view. It contains legal form of heirship in the Roman law and continues with this question in Czech law in the past. In the Roman Law it discusses descent on intestacy, testaments, status of heritors, their protection and other kinds of last wills. In the Czech heirship it handles about indivisible system, testaments and descent on intestacy. Further it deals with the development of the Civil Code from 1627 to 1964. The last chapter compares the present Civil Code with the project of new Civil Code and there are formuled positives and negatives of these legal forms.Tato práce pojednává o dědickém právu z hlediska jeho historického vývoje. Věnuje se úpravě dědického práva již v právu římském...