This thesis deals with the equity and the impacts of proprietors' decisions on the amount and the structure of the equity. At first there are mentioned brief characteristics of legal entities. Subsequent chapters are dedicated to the description of components of equity. Capital stock and ways how to increase or decrease it get big attention, too. I also mention capital funds and funds created from net profit. Then I focus on profit and loss from previous years and net income. Last part is concerned with the statement of changes in equity, which is a voluntary part of final accounts.Tato bakalářská práce pojednává o vlastním kapitálu a dopadech rozhodnutí vlastníků společnosti na jeho výši a strukturu. Nejdříve je uvedena stručná charakteris...