Efeito do consumo da polpa de a?a? (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) sobre par?metros da cascata fibrinol?tica e fatores de crescimento em mulheres jovens aparentemente saud?veis.

Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de e Nutri??o. Escola de Nutri??o, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.O excesso de adiposidade implica no aumento estresse oxidativo e inflamat?rio associada com a disfun??o endotelial e poss?vel libera??o de citocinas que determinam fun??es endoteliais que podem desencadear as doen?as cr?nicas. Tais citocinas podem ser moduladas pela composi??o corporal e padr?o alimentar e at? mesmo pelos processos inflamat?rios. Por meio de frutos ricos em antocianinas como o a?a?, tem-se o controle sobre os efeitos oxidativos e inflamat?rios. Assim o objetivo desse trabalho foi de avaliar o efeito do consumo da polpa de a?a? sobre marcadores inflamat?rios, medidas antropom?tricas, composi??o corporal, par?metros bioqu?micos e diet?ticos em mulheres saud?veis. O estudo avaliou 40 mulheres com idade entre 18 e 35 anos, subgrupadas em 25 eutr?ficas e 15 com excesso de peso, que ingeriram 200g/dia de polpa de a?a? por 4 semanas, em situa??o de vida livre. Foi realizada a avalia??o das medidas antropom?tricas, composi??o corporal, par?metros bioqu?micos e de ingest?o alimentar e marcadores inflamat?rios relacionados ? fun??o endotelial como inibidor do ativador de plasminog?nio (PAI- 1), fibrinog?nio e os fatores de crescimentos; Fator de crescimento endotelial vascular (VEGF), fator de crescimento derivado de plaquetas (PDGF? AA), fator de crescimento transformante-alfa (TGF- ?) e o fator de crescimento epid?rmico (EGF). Notou-se diferen?a significativa entre os grupos antes da interven??o exclusivamente para medidas antropom?tricas e de composi??o corporal. Ap?s interven??o, as volunt?rias com excesso de peso, aumentaram as concentra??es de EGF (p=0,021) e PAI-1 (p=0,011). No entanto as dobras cut?neas (p=0,018) e gordura corporal total (p=0,016) reduziram. Para as eutr?ficas, houve aumento do peso (p=0,031), ?ndice de massa corporal (p=0,028), percentual de gordura troncular (p=0,003) e prega cut?nea triciptal (p=0,046). Pelos par?metros bioqu?micos houve redu??o das prote?nas totais (p=0,049) em decorr?ncia da diminui??o da globulina (p=0,005), todavia houve a manuten??o do estado nutricional para todas as volunt?rias e uma significativa redu??o da press?o arterial sist?lica (PAS) no grupo excesso de peso. Quanto ? ingest?o diet?tica, n?o houve altera??o do padr?o alimentar avaliado pelos ?ndices para ambos os grupos e tampouco da capacidade antioxidante da dieta para todas as volunt?rias n?o se alteraram ap?s consumo do a?a? (p=0,372). Neste trabalho, o consumo de 200g de polpa de a?a?, em situa??o de vida livre, elevaram as concentra??es de EGF e PAI-1, possivelmente por modula??o do a?a? sobre os par?metros de composi??o corporal, diet?ticos, cl?nicos, bioqu?micos e inflamat?rios. Houve uma redistribui??o e redimensionamento da gordura corporal para ?rea do tronco, sendo presum?vel o aumento de gordura visceral, contudo o padr?o alimentar e o estado nutricional foi conservado antes e ap?s a interven??o.Excess adiposity implies increasing oxidative and inflammatory stress associated with endothelial dysfunction and possible release of cytokines that determine endothelial functions that can trigger chronic diseases. These cytokines can be modulated by body composition and dietary pattern and even by inflammatory processes. Through fruits rich in anthocyanins and acai, has control over the inflammatory and oxidative effects. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the consumption of acai pulp on inflammatory markers, anthropometric measurements, body composition, biochemical parameters and diet in healthy women. The study evaluated 40 women aged between 18 and 35 years, subgrupadas in 25 normal weight and 15 overweight, who ate 200g / a?a? pulp daily for 4 weeks, in the wild situation. The evaluation of anthropometric measurements was conducted, body composition, biochemical parameters and food intake and inflammatory markers related to endothelial function as an inhibitor of plasminogen activator (PAI-1), fibrinogen and growth factors; Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a growth factor derived from platelets (PDGF-AA), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-?) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Noticed a significant difference between the groups before the intervention solely for anthropometric measurements and body composition. After intervention, the subjects overweight, increased concentrations of EGF (p = 0.021) and PAI-1 (p = 0.011). However the skin folds (p = 0.018), total body fat (p = 0.016) reduced. For normal weight, an increase of weight (p = 0.031), body mass index (p = 0.028), percentage of truncal fat (p = 0.003) and triceps skinfold thickness (p = 0.046). By biochemical parameters decreased total protein (p = 0.049) due to the decrease in globulin (p = 0.005), however there was maintaining the nutritional status for all volunteers and a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) in excess group weight. As for dietary intake, there was no change in the dietary pattern assessed by the indices for both groups nor dietary antioxidant capacity in all volunteers did not change after a?a? consumption (p = 0.372). In this work, the consumption of 200g of acai pulp in the wild situation raised concentrations of EGF and PAI-1, possibly by modulation of acai on the parameters of body composition, dietary, clinical, biochemical and inflammatory, there was a redistribution and resizing area of body fat of the trunk and presumably increased visceral fat, yet the food pattern and nutritional state was maintained before and after the intervention. Keywords: inflammation, obesity, anthocyanin, body composition, dietary pattern