AKIBAT HUKUM SUKSESI NEGARA TERHADAP PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL (STUDI KASUS SUKSESI NEGARA DI TIMOR LESTE)

Dewi Pursita Audriana, Dr.Patricia Audrey Roeslijanto S.H,MKn, Agis Ardhiansyah, S.H,LLM Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya Email: audriana.dewipursita@gmail.com ABSTRAK Suksesi negara merupakan peristiwa peralihan kedaulatan dari suatu negara ke negara lainnya yang menimbulkan beberapa akibat hukum termasuk terhadap perjanjian internasional. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang pernah mengalami peristiwa suksesi negara ketika Timor Leste memutuskan untuk memisahkan diri pada tahun 2002. Hukum internasional memberi petunjuk mengenai akibat hukum terhadap perjanjian internasional lewat Konvensi Wina 1978. Dalam kasus Indonesia-Timor Leste terdapat dua perjanjian yang beralih ke Timor Leste yakni perjanjian batas wilayah Timor Gap dan perjanjian hutang Indonesia-Amerika Serikat. Namun konsekuensi hukum kedua perjanjian tersebut berbeda meskipun keduanya beralih ke Timor Leste. Suksesi negara juga dikenal menimbulkan dua subjek dalam peristiwanya yakni predecessor state dan successor state. Namun berdasarkan definisi secara umum serta beberapa kasus mengenai negara melakukan suksesi negara, successor state diartikan sebagai negara yang mewarisi hak dan kewajiban dari predecessor state secara penuh dan hal tersebut tidak terjadi kepada Timor Leste. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif yang bertujuan untuk memberi jawaban tentang penggunaan kata successor state bagi Timor Leste serta memberikan analisa mengenai perbedaan konsekuensi hukum antara dua perjanjian internasional Indonesia yang beralih ke Timor Leste. Kata kunci: Perjanjian Internasional, Akibat Hukum, Suksesi Negara Timor Leste LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF STATE SUCCESSION TOWARD INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS (THE CASE STUDY OF SUCCESSION STATE IN TIMOR LESTE), Dewi Pursita Audriana, Dr.Patricia Audrey Roeslijanto S.H,MKn, Agis Ardhiansyah, S.H,LLM Faculty of Law Universitas Brawijaya Email: audriana.dewipursita@gmail.com ABSTRACT State succession is the replacement of one State by another in the responsibility that causes several legal consequences, including towards international agreeements. Indonesia is one of state that once had experienced state succession when Timor Leste decided to separate themselves from Indonesia in 2002. The international law has given the guidance about the legal consequences toward international agreement through Vienna Convention 1978. This convention contains the guidance about which agreements that can be changed over. In the case of state succession between Indonesia-Timor Leste, there were two agreements that changed over Timor Leste which is Timor Gap Treaty and Loan Agreements between Indonesia-USA. But the legal consequences between those agreements is different although they both changed over Timor Leste. Beside causing several legal consequences, state succession also causes two new subjects which are predecessor state and successor state. But based on general definition and based on several cases about state succession, successor state is defined as state that fully responsible for rights and obligations from predecessor state and Timor Leste is clearly not defined as that. This is a normative juridical research which aim is giving the clear answer about the use of the word successor state for Timor Leste and giving clear analyst about the difference of legal consequences between two Indonesia international agreements that changed over Timor Leste. Keywords: International agreements, legal consequences, succession state in Timor Lest