<Original Papers>Cultivation of Wild Tomato Species and Preliminary Extraction of Nutraceutical Substances Useful for Prolongment of Insect Longevity

[要旨] トマトは、栽培種トマトと野生種トマトに大きく分類されている。栽培種トマトは我が国の主要作物であり、その用途は生鮮や加工品など多岐にわたる。また、食品機能性に富み、これまでに、抗酸化作用、抗炎症作用、抗ガン作用、抗アレルギー作用など、様々な機能性が認められている。一方、野生種トマトに関しては、既に著者らのグループにおいて、昆虫に対する忌避作用や抗菌作用などの効果を明らかにしており、さらに多くの機能性物質の存在が示唆されている。そこで本研究では、各種野生種トマトの栽培試験により優良形質のトマトを選抜し、それらの機能性成分の探索、ならびにアンチエイジング素材の開発を目的とした、生物寿命に及ぼす影響についての検討を行った。[Abstract] In order to examine nutraceutical effects of wild tomato species, we screened wild tomato species that were suitable for cultivation and extracted substances useful for longevity prolongment. Namely, twentyone of totally of 41wild tomato species used possibly produced fruits of different shapes, colors（red, green and purple）and sizes. Antioxidative and polyphenolic substances were detected in some fractions of fruit- and leaf-extracts obtained from both common and wild tomato species. All fractions of leafextracts were less effective to prolong life span of the test insect, with no relation to common and wild tomato plants. In point A, there was no significant difference in the longevity prolongment of the test insect among all fractions of both common and wild tomato plants. In point B, two fractions （hexanesoluble and ethyl acetate-soluble fractions）of fruit-extracts from both common and wild tomato plants were positive to the lifespan prolongment of vinegar fly adults. Hexane-soluble fraction of fruit-extracts from wild tomato plants was most effective to prolong lifespan of the test insect. In point C, ethyl acetatesoluble fraction of fruit-extracts from both plants showed the significant effect on the prolongment of lifespan. Antioxidants and polyphenolic substances in ethyl acetate-soluble fractions were effective to prolong lifespan of the test insect. Polyphenols are potential substances to extend lifespan of diverse species including vinegar fly. Hexane-soluble fraction of fruit-extracts from wild tomato plants was positive to the lifespan prolongment, it contained substances effective to prolong lifespan of the test insect. Judging from these results, both common and wild tomatoes are useful sources to search various nutraceutical substances for the longevity prolongment, as assessed by the insect assay system