Finite element simulation of low-flexion knee joint under static loading

In this study, the load bearing function was analyzed in both the standing posture and low-flexion under a static load condition using a three-dimensional finite element model of the knee joint. In this finite element simulation model, the ligaments and the tendons were attached to the femur, tibia, patella, and menisci. Loads ranging from 10 to 300 N were applied from the proximal femur, and the stress distributions and displacements were investigated. The analysis results confirmed that the tibia moved in an anterior direction and rotated to the medial side. A nonlinear relation was observed between the loads and the displacements. The minimum principal stress in the knee joint during low flexion were higher than when standing. When the medial collateral ligament was removed the knee joint ceased the function as load bearing at applied loads more than 10 N. And the minimum principal stress value of the other ligaments increased by 2.7 times compared with that in the normal knee joint