<Survey>Report of biological research on Lepidoptera in Yaeyama Islands, Okinawa prefecture, Japan

[Synopsis] We carried out biological research at the Yaeyama islands in Okinawa prefecture, from February 28th to March 5th 2010. This report is a record of Lepidoptera. The research of butterflies were carried out by a transect count and random collecting. The research islands were Ishigaki, Iriomote, Taketomi, Kuroshima and Kohama island. Moths were collected by the light trap method at Nosoko-dake in Ishigaki island. In a total of 5 islands, 58 species of butterflies were observed. At each island, butterflies were recorded: 45 species at Ishigaki island, 28 species at Iriomote island, 16 species at Kuroshima island, 7 species at Taketomi island and 13 species at Kohama island. In total, 27 species of moths were recorded at Nosoko-dake at Ishigaki island. We collected migrated butterflies. Especially, two species of butterflies, Leptosia nina and Symbrenthia lilaea, may establish the population at Ishigaki island and Iriomote island in recent years