Studies on the breeding of Chrysanthemum morifolium RAM. (1) : The colors of the Chrysanthemum flowers, the main pigments composing them and their mutual quantitative relationship.

[Author abstract]By using medium-size chrysanthemum flowers for cutflower arrangments, their absorption spectra of fresh flower petals was measured, while at the same time, their colors were measured by a color difference meter. Moreover, anthocyanin and carotenoid contents were quantitatively analyzed. As a result, the following facts were known: 1) By measuring the absorption spectra of fresh flower petals, it was clarified that the main pigments constituting the colors of chrysanthemum flowers were found to be carotenoid and anthocyanin; 2) The yellow flowers became either deep or light yellow depending on the content of carotenoid ; 3) Pink or red-purple color of flowers is by anthocyanin, while bronze or red by carotenoid and anthocyanin. In the case of the latter, the increase of carotenoid content, rather than that of anthocyan, results in the display of bronze, while, in an adverse case, red color is displayed. At the peak of anthocyanin, the red and bronze flowers differ slightly in their respective wave lengths. The cause for such a difference of color is not known clearly, but it is assumed that such is due to co-pigmentation by flavonoid.[摘要]切花用車輪ギクを用い、その生花弁の吸収スペクトルを測定するとともに花色を色差計で測色し、さらに含有アントチアンおよびカロチノイドの定量分析を行なって下記のような結果を得た。1)生花弁の吸収スペクトルを測定することによってキクの花色を構成する主要色素がカロチノイドとアントチアンであることが明らかになった｡2)黄色花はカロチノイドの多少によってその濃淡が表現される｡3)花のピンクないし赤紫色はアントチアンによって、またブロンズないし赤色はカロチノイドとアントチアンによって表現されている｡後者の場合、アントチアンに比し、カロチノイドの含量が増せばブロンズ色となり逆の場合には赤色となる｡だがアントチアンのピークにはブロンズ色花と赤色花で多少そのピークの波長にずれがあり、これが何によるものかは明らかでないが、おそらく、フラボノイドによるCo-pigmentationのためであろうと推測される