Staroromanska zemljepisna imena v zgodnji južni slovanščini in poznopraslovanske glasovne spremembe

The analysis of Old Romance geographical names in early South Slavic confirms that the majority of late Proto-Slavic sound changes were still operative in the period of the earliest Old Romance-Slavic language contacts in the Balkan Peninsula and eastern Alps from the second half of the 6th century and the beginning of the 7th century onwards. Phonetic substitutions of the type Rom. *kE, *gE → Sl. *c, *ʒ (Balk. Rom. *Kersu → Sl. *Cersъ, Balk. Rom. *Gīla → Sl. *Ʒiĺa) and Rom. *auC → Sl. *ovC (Balk. Rom. *Laurentiu > *Laurenču → Sl. *Lovręčь) point to the fact that the first palatalization of velars as well as the monophthongization of the inherited diphthongs were no longer among the ongoing processes. All other late Proto-Slavic sound changes were either still operative or only took place after the borrowing. This is confirmed by the relative chronology of the following set of Romance-Slavic correspondences: simplification of consonant clusters: Rom. *ps → Sl. *s (Balk. Rom. *Apsaru → Sl. *Osorъ), development of prothetic consonants: Rom. *ū- → Sl. *uū- > *vy- (Alp. Rom. *Ūdẹnu → Sl. *(V)ydьnъ), simplification of j-clusters: Rom. *Ci → Sl. *Cʹ (Balk. Rom. *Arsia → Sl. *Orša), delabialization of *o after *r: Rom. *ro → Sl. *ry > *ri (Rom. *Roma → Sl. *Rymъ > *Rimъ), second regressive palatalization of velars (see above Sl. *Cersъ, *Ʒiĺa), rise of nasal vowels: Rom. *ENC, *ONC → Sl. *ęC, *ǫC (Balk. Rom. *Parentiu > *Parenču → Sl. *Poręčь, Balk. Rom. *Karantānu → Sl. *Korǫtanъ), progressive palatalization of velars: Rom. *Ek, *Eg → Sl. *c, *ʒ (Balk. Rom. *Longātẹku → Sl. *Lǫgatьcь), delabialization of *ū1 > *y: Rom. *ū/*o → Sl. *y (Balk. Rom. *Allūviu → Sl. *Olybъ), labialization of *a > *o: Rom. *a → Sl. *o (Balk. Rom. *Kapra → Sl. *Koprъ), vowel reduction of *i, *u > *ь, *ъ: Rom. *ẹ, *ọ → Sl. *ь, *ъ (Balk. Rom. *Kọrẹku → Sl. *Kъrьkъ, Balk. Rom. *Tọrre → Sl. *Tъrъ).Glasoslovna analiza staroromanskih zemljepisnih imen v zgodnji južni slovanščini potrjuje, da je bila večina poznopraslovanskih glasovnih sprememb v času najstarejših romansko-slovanskih jezikovnih stikov na Balkanskem polotoku in vzhodnih Alpah v drugi polovici 6. stoletja in v začetku 7. stoletja še vedno v teku. Glasovni substituciji tipa rom. *kE, *gE → sl. *c, *ʒ (balk. rom. *Kersu → sl. *Cersъ, balk. rom. *Gīla → sl. *Ʒiĺa) in rom. *auC → sl. *ovC (balk. rom. *Laurentiu > *Laurenču → sl. *Lovręčь) potrjujeta, da starejša regresivna (prva) palatalizacija velarov in monoftongizacija diftongov nista bili več v teku. Vse ostale poznopraslovanske glasovne spremembe pa so ali bile v teku ali pa je do njih prihajajo po prevzemanju, kar potrjujejo naslednje romansko-slovanske glasovne substitucije, in sicer poenostavitev soglasniških sklopov: rom. *ps → sl. *s (balk. rom. *Apsaru → sl. *Osorъ), nastanek protetičnih drsnikov: rom. *ū- → sl. *uū- > *vy- (alp. rom. *Ūdẹnu → sl. *(V)ydьnъ), jotacija: rom. *Ci → sl. *Cʹ (balk. rom. *Arsia → sl. *Orša), preglas *o v položaju z r: rom. *ro → sl. *ry > *ri (rom. *Roma → sl. *Rymъ > *Rimъ), mlajša regresivna (druga) palatalizacija velarov (prim. zgoraj sl. *Cersъ, *Ʒiĺa), nazalizacija: rom. *ENC, *ONC → sl. *ęC, *ǫC (balk. rom. *Parentiu > *Parenču → sl. *Poręčь, balk. rom. *Karantānu → sl. *Korǫtanъ), progresivna (tretja) palatalizacija velarov: rom. *Ek, *Eg → sl. *c, *ʒ (balk. rom. *Longātẹku → sl. *Lǫgatьcь), delabializacija of *ū1 > *y: rom. *ū/*o → sl. *y (balk. rom. *Allūviu → sl. *Olybъ), labializacija *a > *o: rom. *a → sl. *o (balk. rom. *Kapra → sl. *Koprъ), redukcija *i, *u > *ь, *ъ: rom. *ẹ, *ọ → sl. *ь, *ъ (bak. rom. *Kọrẹku → sl. *Kъrьkъ, balk. rom. *Tọrre → sl. *Tъrъ)