Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Propolis Terhadap Aktivitas dan Kapasitas Fagositosis pada Kultur Makrofag yang Diinfeksi Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC)

The use of immunostimulant for treatment infectious diseases is needed. Propolis is mixture of resin collected from plants by bees, used as an insulating material in beehives, which has potential as immunostimulant. The research was performed at Laboratory of research and integrated testing Gadjah Mada University in January−March 2013. This experimental research is amied to analyze the increase of phagocytosis activity and capacity on macrophages culture which added by propolis ethanolic extract againts Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). The design research is experimental. Macrophage culture obtained from three subjects, individually culture supplemented with the propolis ethanolic extract 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL as well as control without the addition of propolis ethanolic extract. The cultures were incubated for one day. Macrophage cultures infected by EPEC for 30 minutes, stained by Giemsa and observed by microscope. Percentage of phagocytosis activity is determined by the number of active macrophages per 100 macrophages. Phagocytosis capacity value determined by counting the number of bacteria that phagocytized by 50 macrophages. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significantly different phagocytosis activity and capacity between macrophage cultures that added by propolis ethanolic extract and control (p=0.000). Tukey HSD analysis showed significantly different phagocytosis activity between control and subject with concentration 6.25 µg/mL (p=0.008) whereas on phagocytosis capacity appears between control and subject with concentration 12,5 µg/mL (p=0.001). In conclusion, propolis ethanolic extract is able to increase the phagocytosis activity and capacity of macrophages againts EPEC with minimum concentration 12.5µg/mL