Effect of electrospun polyhydroxybutyrate and hydroxyapatite-polyhydroxybutyrate composite scaffolds characteristics on mesenchymal stem cell growth viability

Cell-cell and material-cell interactions have been identified as key factors modulating cellular differentiation and extracellular matrix (ECM) production. Stem cells, in vivo and in vitro cells cultures, respond to biological signals received by their microenvironment surroundings. Via this stimulation, cells can secrete many factors to modulate their microenvironment and activate progenitor cells. This induction results in an increase in the expression of ECM proteins that are associated with cellular adhesion and proliferation and matrix mineralization. Based on the hypothesis that nanostructures can influence steam cell signalization, a long-standing goal has been fabricating a scaffold of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) with hydroxyapatite (HAp) incorporated to imitate a bone ECM. Using the electrospinning technique, it is possible to fabricate micro and nanostructured scaffolds. Structural characterization and viability evaluation of these scaffolds, such as adhesion and cellular proliferation, have demonstrated that scaffolds exhibit biocompatibility. Scaffolds containing HAp produce a mineralized matrix, which shows that mesenchymal stem cells differentiate to the osteogenic lineage. These scaffolds have accordingly been shown to have bone regeneration applicability in sites that are not subject to excessive loads