Effects of Vitamin D, K1, K2 and Calcium on Bone Formation by Osteoblasts in Vitro

Bone loss is a major health problem that most people will face and thus research focusing on enhancing bone formation is of great importance. Although there have been many cell biology articles focusing on the effects of vitamin D, K1 or K2 on bone formation in vitro, there has yet to be a consensus amongst the literature. Through the use of several meta-analyses of past vitamin studies, we found that supplementation of vitamin D, K1 and K2, along with the combination of K2 + 1,25D, increased mineralization, while not consistently changing all of the other parameters associated with bone formation. In addition we quantified the area of von Kossa stained bone nodules in calcium, vitamin K1, vitamin K2, 25D and 1,25D treated human and mouse osteoblast cultures and found that mineralization levels varied depending on the presence of ascorbic acid or the organism from which the cell lines were derived.M.Sc.2016-11-27 00:00:0