Carvacrol attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in rat kidney

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an antineoplastic drug inducing kidney damage via producing oxidative stress. Carvacrol (CAR) has antioxidative effect and we postulated that it can be protective against CP-induced nephrotoxicity. Six groups (n=7) of rats (control, 100 mg/kg CP, CP+5 and CP+10 mg/kg CAR and 5 and 10 mg/kg CAR) were injected intraperitoneally. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), creatinine (CRE), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant state (TOS) were measured, and oxidative stress indexes (OSI) were calculated. Kidneys were also analyzed histologically. In CP alone group MDA, CRE, TOS and OSI levels increased whereas GSH, SOD, CAT, and TAC levels decreased compared with control group. In CP plus CAR groups MDA, TOS and OSI levels decreased whereas GSH, SOD, CAT and TAC levels increased compared with CP alone group. However, CRE levels were similar in CP alone and CP+5 CAR group whereas decreased in CP+10 CAR group. CP+10 CAR group was significantly different in all parameters (except TAC) from CP+5 CAR group. Kidney microscopy was showed lower tissue damage in CP plus CAR groups. In conclusion, 10 mg/kg CAR is more effective than 5 mg/kg CAR in prevention of CP-induced oxidative damage on kidney.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author